Organization of tours in Kazakhstan -
Tour guide in Kazakhstan -
Due to their location along the Great Silk Road, the cities and reserves of Kazakhstan have long been objects of travel and tourism. The first tourist organizations in Kazakhstan appeared in the 20s and 30s of the 20th centuries. In 1930, the regional branch of the Society for Proletarian Tourism and Excursions began working at the Almaty Museum of Local History. Its first chairman was V.G. Gorbunov. In January 1931, on the initiative of Zimin, the first ski expedition was organized from Almaty. Eight riders of the National Cavalry Regiment joined the 8 skiers who received the "Labor and Defense" baton. They left Almaty and passed the baton to the Kyrgyz team through the Kordai pass through Uzynagash. In the same year, the first branch of the All-Union Proletarian Tourist and Excursion Voluntary Society of the Zhetysu velayat was organized at the museum in Almaty at the museum, consisting of 10 members.
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At the initiative of amateur tourists, a small house for tourists was built in the Kuigensay (Gorelnik) gorge in the Alatau valley. In 1936, the roof of the first tourist center in the republic "Gorelnik" for 50 places was erected here. In 1938, the first Kazakh tourist rally took place in the Kokzhailau gorge (not far from Almaty). It was attended by about 200 tourists. Since the beginning of 1943, the All-Union School of Instructors for the preparation of mountain shooters of the Soviet Army was located in the Gorelnik camp. After the war, Gorelnik became a training base for skiers and climbers. In 1952, the Tourist and Excursion Administration (TEU) was established in Kazakhstan for the purpose of active recreation for the population. In 1961, the Republican Youth Tourist Station was opened in Almaty. In 1960, the Republican Department of Tourism was organized under the Council of Trade Unions of the Kazakh Republic. In 1962, the Tourist and Excursion Board was reorganized into the Tourist Board.
Information -
In the 1950-60s, mountain tourism, mountaineering (climbing to the top), and sports tourism began to develop in higher educational institutions of Almaty. As a result, a group of tourism instructors was formed, which included such instructors as S. Kuderin, Yu. Usenov, N. Dubitsky, V.G. Khomullo and others. Specialists have made a great contribution to the development of tourism among schoolchildren and students.
The Republican Council for Tourism and Travel, established in 1970, influenced the further development of tourism.
In 1971-75, the material base of tourism was strengthened in Kazakhstan, tourist organizations were increased, new tourist bases and hotels were put into operation.
In 1988 there were some changes in the structure of tourism. New tourist-excursion associations were created. During these years, the development of tourism in Kazakhstan was carried out by such specialists as N.I. Samoilenko, S. Abdenbaev, T. Zhezdybaev, A. Chukreev, O. Mazbaev, S.R. Erdauletov and others. Since 1991, the tourism industry has moved to a new stage of development in Kazakhstan, which gained independence. In 1993, Kazakhstan became a member of the World Tourism Organization. This year, a national program for the development of the tourism industry was adopted.
In 1997, the Concept for the revival of the historical centers of the Great Silk Road of the Republic of Kazakhstan, the development of the continuity of the cultural heritage of the Turkic-speaking countries, as well as a general strategy for the development of tourism were created. On June 13, 2001, the Law "On tourism activities in the Republic of Kazakhstan" was adopted. It contains priority measures for the development of the tourism industry in the republic, licensing of tourism activities, etc.
In 2002, 430 tourist organizations, firms and various bureaus operated in the republic. 6,000 people provide their services, including 1,500 professional guides (guides). Tourist companies of Kazakhstan have connections with about 80 countries of the world.
Tourist resources in Kazakhstan include natural and climatic, historical, socio-cultural, health facilities, which include tourist service facilities, as well as other facilities that can satisfy the spiritual needs of tourists, contribute to the restoration and refreshment of their efforts. They are cultural, educational, environmental, sports, social, religious, etc.
Tourist objects in Kazakhstan are divided into several groups:
• nature and recreational tours
• historical and archaeological tours
• pilgrimage tours
Tourism in reserves and national parks -
Natural and recreational sites include Kokshetau, Burabay, Bayanaul, Yereymentau in Northern Kazakhstan, Zaisan, Markakol in Eastern Kazakhstan, Kazakhstan Altai, Western, Northern Tien Shan, Altynnemel mountains in Southern Kazakhstan, Zhetysu basin, Ustyurt in Western Kazakhstan, Mugalzhar, Karkaraly , Kyzylarai, Bektauata, Ulytau, etc. At the same time, national parks and reserves of the Almaty region are of great importance in the development of tourism. These include the Ile-Alatau National Park, the gorges between the Turgen-Shamalgan rivers, the villages of Turgen, Esik, Talgar, the city of Almaty, Kaskelen, Shamalgan. The development of tourism in Altynnemel, Kokshetau, Burabay national parks is supported and developed by the state. Prerequisites for the development of scientific and ecological tourism have been created in 9 state reserves in Kazakhstan.
A special place in tourist and sightseeing trips is occupied by historical and archaeological monuments. Any forms of archaeological sites occupy an important place in tourist and excursion activities. Among them, the city of Talkhiz, Otyrar in South Kazakhstan, Sairam, Saraishik in West Kazakhstan and other places of ancient cities is of great interest to tourists. Mounds and tombs are of great importance among the objects of archaeological and historical monuments that have survived to this day. Monuments of the Bronze Age include petroglyphs on rocks. Among them are famous and unique temples: Eshkiolmes petroglyphs on the Koksu River, Tambala petroglyphs in the Anyrakai mountains, as well as rock paintings in the Sholak, Kindiktas, Bayanzhurek mountains. Saka burial mounds of the 6th-3rd centuries. the same applies to archaeological tourist sites. The medieval cities of Turkestan, Otyrar, Turbay, Kulan, Merke, Talkhiz, Zharkent and other settlements are modern tourist sites.
Mausoleum of Kozha Akhmet Yasawi in Turkestan -
Turkestan is the first capital of the Kazakh Khanate. The mausoleum of Kozha Akhmet Iasawi was built here, in the mausoleum and around it. There are many objects of ascetic (religious) tourism on the territory of the republic. These include the sacred city of Turkestan, the mausoleum of Khoja Ahmed Yasawi. People come to these holy places to pray to God.
Tourist objects of Kazakhstan -
Several tourist bases are located in the most beautiful places of the republic. Among them are the Shymbulak ski base in Zailiysky Alatau, Bayanaul on the shores of Lake Zhasybay in the Pavlodar region, the Karkaraly mountain forest in the Karaganda region, Cape Altai near the Buktyrma reservoir in the East Kazakhstan region. In Kazakhstan, there are enough zoological and botanical reserves of known tourist importance. These include Almaty reserves and Tarbagatai (zoological), Zhaltyrkol (zoological), Ulytau (zoological), Betpakdala (zoological), Karakiya-Karakol (zoological), Zerenda (zoological) reserves. Sharyn Canyon (landscape) - paleontological) and Ash Grove on the Sharyn River (botanical).
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