Getting to know the city of Astana – Business tourism in Astana and Almaty –
Astana has been the capital of the Republic of Kazakhstan since December 10, 1997, (former names: Akmolinsk, Tselinograd, Akmola, Nur-Sultan). Akmolinsk received the status of a city on September 26, 1862. As of October 1, 2022, the city's population is 1,340,782 people, which is the second largest indicator in Kazakhstan after Almaty. The status of a millionaire city was achieved in June 2017, when the population was 1,002,874 people.
How to get there
The city of Astana is located in the north-central part of Kazakhstan in the Akmola region, in the basin of the Yesil River. GPS coordinates of Astana city: 51°08'50"N 71°25'20"E
Information
The idea of building a new modern capital of Kazakhstan belongs to the first president of the state Nursultan Nazarbayev. The decision to move the capital from Almaty to Akmola was made by the Supreme Council of the Republic of Kazakhstan on July 6, 1994. The official transfer of the capital took place on December 10, 1997. By Presidential Decree of May 6, 1998, Akmola was renamed Astana. The international presentation of the new capital took place on June 10, 1998. In 1999, Astana was awarded the title of "City of Peace" by UNESCO decision. The main city of Kazakhstan has been a member of the International Assembly of Capitals and Major Cities since 2000. The northernmost capital of Asia. The city consists of four districts — "Almaty", "Saryarka", "Yesil" and "Baikonur".
History
The capital originates in the fortress founded by Russian troops on the banks of the Yesil River in 1830. In 1862, Akmolinsk received the status of a city. In 1962, the city was given the name Tselinograd. In 1997, by decree of the President of sovereign Kazakhstan N. Nazarbayev, it was decided to move the capital from Almaty to Akmola. On May 6, 1998, the new capital was renamed Astana. On July 10, 1998, an international presentation of the new capital of Kazakhstan, Astana, took place.
In 1998, by the decision of UNESCO, Astana was awarded the high title of "City of Peace" and awarded a medal. This title is awarded to the young cities of the planet, which in a short time managed to achieve more impressive and powerful growth in socio-economic, political and cultural development, the establishment of stable interethnic relations. In this competition, held in Brazil, Astana has overtaken twelve cities around the world by all criteria. On March 20, 2019, by the decision of the second President of Kazakhstan Kassym-Jomart Tokayev, the city was renamed Nur-Sultan in honor of ex-President Nursultan Nazarbayev. On September 17, 2022, by the Decree of President Kassym-Jomart Tokayev, the name Astana was returned.
Geography, climate
The city of Astana is located on a steppe plain. The city of Astana is located on the bank of the Yesil River. The city is divided into two parts-the right and left bank. The hydrographic network of the city is represented not only by the Yesil River, but also by the Sarybulak and Akbulak rivers, the right tributaries of the Yesil River. Within a radius of 25-30 km from the city there are many freshwater and salt lakes, the main ones are: Sasykkol, Zholaman, Tyshkankol, Tanakol, Zhalgylkol, Tazkol, Kaynarly, Tagankol, Maybalyk, Shenet, Aganas, etc. The Moyyldy, Tentek, Karasu, Sarybulak, Akbulak rivers flow into the Yesil River, and the Maybalyk River flows through the water distribution channel. The river is inhabited by burbot, crucian carp, carp, pike, walleye, perch.
The climate of the city is sharply continental. Summers are hot and dry, winters are cold and long. The average annual temperature is 3.1 °C. Precipitation falls 300 mm per year. Although the average summer temperature is about 20°C, the maximum temperature can also reach 40 °C due to the hot air masses of Central Asia. And the average winter temperature is about -15 °C, sometimes it can reach -50 °C, depending on how Siberian frosts reach the city. Astana is considered the coldest capital in the world after Ulanbatyr. Due to the fact that the city is located in the middle of the steppe, prone to drought and strong winds, which are less favorable for people, a large—scale project is being implemented to equip the surroundings of the city with a green belt - trees and other green spaces.
Economy
The economy of Astana consists of trade, transport and communications, construction. According to the contribution to the gross output of the trade sector of the economy of Kazakhstan, Astana city ranks second among the regions and cities of the Republic of Kazakhstan after Almaty. The total volume of regional products of Astana and Almaty is more than half of the total trade volume of Kazakhstan. In terms of retail turnover, Astana also ranks second in the republic. In terms of the growth of construction, Astana is the leader in the Republic. In 2009, 1/5 of the commissioned residential buildings in Kazakhstan arrived in Astana. Astana has been a leader in the introduction of housing for more than five years. Industrial production is mainly focused on the production of building materials, food and beverages, as well as mechanical engineering. In Kazakhstan, the city of Astana is a leader in the production of building materials made of metal, ready-to-use concrete and construction products made of concrete. The city's share in the production of building metal structures, radiators and boilers, and central heating installations is also relatively high. In order to mobilize investors and develop a new competitive production, a special economic zone "Astana — New City" is functioning in the city.
Astana city
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