A trip from Semey to Kurchatov
Sights of the city of Kurchatov
Kurchatov is a city in Kazakhstan, located in Eastern Kazakhstan on the banks of the Irtysh River, mainly on the left bank of the river, Abai district. Kurchatov was named after physicist Igor Vasilyevich Kurchatov. The city received city rights in 1948 and was previously a closed city and the administrative center of the former nuclear weapons testing site in Semipalatinsk, where almost 500 atomic bomb tests were conducted above and below ground in 1949-1989. The history of the city of Kurchatov is inextricably linked with the history of the creation of nuclear weapons.
The decision to create a nuclear research site was made by the Council of Ministers of the USSR and the Central Committee of the CPSU on August 21, 1947. The training ground was verbally called "training ground", code military unit 52605. The landfill is located on the territory of Semipalatinsk, Pavlodar, Karaganda regions of the Republic of Kazakhstan. The total area is 18500 sq. m., the perimeter is about 600 km. Work on the preparation for the testing site was completed in July 1949. On August 29 of the same year, the first nuclear device was tested in the USSR. The direct scientific supervision of the test was carried out by I. V. Kurchatov. On August 12, 1953, the first thermonuclear device was tested at the test site, and on November 22, 1955, a hydrogen bomb was tested. Nuclear tests were conducted with the aim of testing nuclear explosive devices and weapons samples.
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